TIRZEPATIDE

Tirzepatide, a dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist from Eli Lilly, treats type 2 diabetes, obesity, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Approved by the ADA and FDA in May 2022, it is administered via subcutaneous injection using a pre-filled pen or syringe.

Researchers are exploring its potential for heart failure, obstructive sleep apnea, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, chronic kidney disease, and its effects on obesity-related health.

Eli Lilly's tirzepatide activates GLP-1 and GIP receptors, prompting insulin release from the pancreas and blocking glucagon, which helps control blood sugar levels, especially after meals. It also influences brain chemicals to reduce appetite, increase energy expenditure, and prevent abnormal fat accumulation, leading to significant weight loss.

Mounjaro (tirzepatide) was FDA-approved on June 7, 2022, for weight loss in overweight adults with at least one health issue. Clinical trials showed weight loss of up to 22%.

Tirzepatide works by targeting brain chemicals that regulate food intake and fat storage, acting on the GLP-1 receptor to reduce fat cells. 

In the SURMOUNT-2 trial, participants lost an average of 16.4%, 20.9%, and 22.5% with doses of 5 mg, 10 mg, and 15 mg, respectively, compared to 2.4% for placebo. Adverse events led to discontinuation rates of 3.8% (10 mg) and 7.4% (15 mg).

Tirzepatide also demonstrated significant weight loss in type 2 diabetes patients and is effective for obesity treatment.

• Heart Function: By improving glycemic control and promoting weight loss, tirzepatide can reduce cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension and high cholesterol. Its effects on GLP-1 and GIP receptors also enhance cardiac function and reduce inflammation, potentially lowering the risk of heart disease.

• Liver Function: Tirzepatide helps in managing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by promoting weight loss and improving insulin sensitivity. This can reduce liver fat accumulation, lower liver enzymes, and improve overall liver health.

• Kidney Function: Tirzepatide has been shown to improve renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes by lowering blood sugar levels and reducing the progression of kidney disease. Its ability to decrease body weight and improve metabolic parameters can further support kidney health.

Tirzepatide is gaining attention for its significant impact on body weight and potential as a game-changer in obesity and metabolic health. Clinical studies show it effectively manages blood sugar levels while leading to substantial weight loss by activating receptors in the brain that regulate appetite and metabolism. While tirzepatide enhances weight management, a holistic approach—including a balanced diet and regular exercise—remains essential for sustainable results.

• Constipation

• Decreased appetite

• Diarrhea

• Nausea

• Upper abdominal discomfort and abdominal pain

• Vomiting